Pesticides

GAO testified that several differences exist in tolerances--maximum limits of pesticides allowed in or on foods--between the United States and Mexico. These differences fall into three main categories: (1) pesticides that have tolerances in both countries but have tolerance in Mexico for some commodities and no comparable tolerances in the United States; (2) pesticides that have tolerances in Mexico but none in the United States; and (3) pesticides that have tolerances in both countries for the same commodities, but at different levels. If Congress approves the North American Free Trade Agreement, the level of imported Mexican produce may soar. This anticipated rise has heightened concern among environmental groups that pesticide levels for Mexican produce may exceed U.S. limits if growers attempt to maximize production with the new opportunities for agricultural exports. Whether or not Congress approves the agreement, pesticide standards for produce will most likely play a larger role in trade discussions as imports from Mexico and other nations continue to increase. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration will need to continue monitoring fruits, vegetables, and other food imported into the United States from Mexico regardless of whether the agreement is enacted. GAO outlines several steps that need to be taken by both governments to ensure that Mexican produce does not violate U.S. pesticide tolerance levels.