Controls Over Consulting Service Contracts at Federal Agencies Need Tightening

Federal agencies spend between $1 billion and $2 billion annually on consulting services contracts to obtain a variety of goods and services. Proper use of consulting services is a normal, legitimate, and economical way to improve Government services and operations, and agencies must continue to have the option to use consulting services where appropriate. Responding to Presidential and congressional concern, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued a bulletin to all executive agencies to better control and report the use of consulting services. In spite of this new guidance, a GAO review of 111 contracts, valued at $19.9 million, in 6 agencies, revealed that little substantive improvement has been made.

The need for many consulting service contracts was questionable because little or no consideration was given to in-house capability prior to the award of the contracts, proposals were frequently unsolicited, a number of contracts were awarded during the last quarter of the fiscal year which cast doubt on agency priorities and mission, and frequently little use was made of the results of the study products. Extensive use of sole source awards precluded effective price competition. Several of these awards were made to former agency employees. A significant number of contract modifications resulted in increased costs and delays in delivery of the end product. Inaccurate reporting of consulting service contracts was caused, in part, by confusion over the OMB definition for such contracts. Agencies often attributed their need for the services to various legislative mandates.

Recommendations

Our recommendations from this work are listed below with a Contact for more information. Status will change from "In process" to "Open," "Closed - implemented," or "Closed - not implemented" based on our follow up work.

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